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When the Nazis came to power in Germany, the SS began building concentration camps. Those held there were mostly ethnic Germans until 1938, hardly any of whom were Jewish.

Imprisonment of Jewish Germans simply for being Jewish did not begin until 1938. After the fall of Poland in 1939, the Nazis began the policy of “extermination through labor.”

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Transcript.

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Playlist:

Fanfare

Opening War Theme

Fyra Aqvateller
Composed in 1899 by Tor Aulin. Public domain.
Performed by Gregory Maytan and Nicole Lee, and used pursuant to a Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 license. Source.

Closing War Theme

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Except when otherwise indicated, the contents of this podcast are © and ℗ 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, and 2024 by Mark Painter, all rights reserved. Some music and sound effects used by arrangement with Pond 5.

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Following the Battle of Midway, the US Joint Chiefs of Staff decided America needed to take advantage of the momentum gained by launching Operation Watchtower, the first US offensive operation of the war.

US Marines landed on Guadalcanal to seize an airfield the Japanese were building there. The operation was rushed and the Marines short on supplies, which moved them to refer to the mission jokingly as “Operation Shoestring.”

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Transcript.

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Playlist:

Fanfare

Opening War Theme

“Pacific – 1941”
Composed and performed by Antonio Serbanescu.
Presented by arrangement with Pond5.com

Closing War Theme

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Except when otherwise indicated, the contents of this podcast are © and ℗ 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, and 2024 by Mark Painter, all rights reserved. Some music and sound effects used by arrangement with Pond 5.

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The first weeks of Germany’s 1942 offensive against the USSR went well enough, except that the Wehrmacht was no longer surrounding pockets of hundreds of thousands of enemy soldiers as it repeatedly had in 1941. The Red Army was more mobile, and had learned its lesson.

Hitler was sufficiently pleased to revise the plan in July; instead to taking Stalingrad and the Caucasus sequentially, Army Group South was divided into two parts, which would proceed against those objectives simultaneously.

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Transcript.

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Playlist:

Fanfare

Opening War Theme

“Song of the Volga Boatmen”
Traditional. Public domain.
Public domain recording. Source.

Closing War Theme

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Except when otherwise indicated, the contents of this podcast are © and ℗ 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, and 2024 by Mark Painter, all rights reserved. Some music and sound effects used by arrangement with Pond 5.

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As soon as the United States entered the war, the US military wanted to land in France and take on the Wehrmacht. The Western Allies eventually agreed to a raid on the French port of Dieppe to test German defenses.

Meanwhile, German military intelligence began an operation to land saboteurs in the United States.

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Transcript.

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Playlist:

Fanfare

Opening War Theme

“U.S. Field Artillery March”
Composed in 1917 by Edmund Gruber and John Philip Sousa. Public domain.
Performed by the United States Marine Band. Public domain recording. Source.

“Big Band Swing”
Composed and performed by Tim Brown.
Used by arrangement with Pond 5.

Closing War Theme

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Except when otherwise indicated, the contents of this podcast are © and ℗ 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, and 2024 by Mark Painter, all rights reserved. Some music and sound effects used by arrangement with Pond 5.

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When Japan attacked the US and the UK, China had new allies, but getting American Lend-Lease aid into China was a challenge.

Mao Zedong married Jiang Qing and secured his control over the Chinese Communist Party.

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Transcript.

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Playlist:

Fanfare

Opening War Theme

“Asian Drums”
Composed and performed by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com).
Used pursuant to a Creative Commons CC BY 3.0 license. Source.

Closing War Theme

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Except when otherwise indicated, the contents of this podcast are © and ℗ 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, and 2024 by Mark Painter, all rights reserved. Some music and sound effects used by arrangement with Pond 5.

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Over the winter of 1941-2, Hitler redeployed Luftwaffe units back to the Mediterranean, which meant more supplies were reaching Rommel’s army.

A new Axis offensive captured Tobruk and drove deep into Egypt.

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Transcript.

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Playlist:

Fanfare

Opening War Theme

Pomp and Circumstance, March No. 3
Composed in 1904 by Sir Edward Elgar. Public domain.
Performed by The Eastern Wind Symphony, and used pursuant to a Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 license. Source.

Closing War Theme

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Except when otherwise indicated, the contents of this podcast are © and ℗ 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, and 2024 by Mark Painter, all rights reserved. Some music and sound effects used by arrangement with Pond 5.

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When German air units in the Mediterranean were redeployed to support the invasion of the USSR, British air and naval units increasingly threatened Axis supply lines in North Africa.

In November 1941, the British Operation Crusader broke the eight-month siege of Tobruk and drove the Axis forces out of Cyrenaica.

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Transcript.

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Playlist:

Fanfare

Opening War Theme

Violin Concerto in F Minor, “Autumn”
Composed in 1723 by Antonio Vivaldi. Public domain.
Performed by John Harrison, and used pursuant to a Creative Commons CC BY-SA 3.0 license. Source.

Closing War Theme

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Except when otherwise indicated, the contents of this podcast are © and ℗ 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, and 2024 by Mark Painter, all rights reserved. Some music and sound effects used by arrangement with Pond 5.

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When the US entered the war, German U-boasts began to prey on the heavy shipping traffic up and down the East Coast of the United States.

Disagreements between the US and Royal Navies, coupled with a shortage of escort ships, left American merchant ships with little to no protection.

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Transcript.

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Playlist:

Fanfare

Opening War Theme

“Ride of the Valkyries” from Die Walküre
Composed in 1870 by Richard Wagner. Public domain.
Performed by The University of Chicago Orchestra, conducted by Barbara Schubert, and used pursuant to a Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND 3.0license. Source.

Closing War Theme

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Except when otherwise indicated, the contents of this podcast are © and ℗ 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, and 2024 by Mark Painter, all rights reserved. Some music and sound effects used by arrangement with Pond 5.

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On the Eastern Front, Hitler and the Wehrmacht planned their 1942 offensive. The Wehrmacht was battered after the hard winter, while the Red Army was stronger than ever.

Unhappy with the unrest in Bohemia and Moravia, Hitler assigned Reinhard Heydrich to pacify the region.

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Transcript.

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Playlist:

Fanfare

Opening War Theme

Violin Sonata
Composed in 1914 by Leoš Janáček. Public domain.
Performed by Jean-Claude Féret and used pursuant to a Creative Commons CC BY-NC 3.0 DEED. Source.

Closing War Theme

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Except when otherwise indicated, the contents of this podcast are © and ℗ 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, and 2024 by Mark Painter, all rights reserved. Some music and sound effects used by arrangement with Pond 5.

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In the first week of June, 1942, the Imperial Japanese Navy attacked the Aleutian Islands and Midway. The latter action was also meant to ambush and destroy the US Navy’s carriers.

The Aleutian landings were successful, but the Battle of Midway ended disastrously for Japan, with the sinking of all four of the Japanese carriers involved.

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Transcript.

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Playlist:

Fanfare

Opening War Theme

With the Sea
Composed and performed by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com).
Used pursuant to a Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 license.

Closing War Theme

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Except when otherwise indicated, the contents of this podcast are © and ℗ 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, and 2024 by Mark Painter, all rights reserved. Some music and sound effects used by arrangement with Pond 5.