---

Not all resistance to the Nazis was in the form of armed bands in the forests with clandestine radio transmitters.

Resistance could also take the form of simply refusing to obey.

• Listen now:

Transcript.

---

Playlist:

Fanfare

Opening War Theme

“Der er et yndigt land” (The national anthem of Denmark.)
Composed in 1835 by Hans Ernst Krøyer. Lyrics by Adam Oehlenschläger. Public domain.
Performed by the United States Navy Band. Public domain recording. Source.

Closing War Theme

---

Except when otherwise indicated, the contents of this podcast are © and ℗ 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, and 2025 by Mark Painter, all rights reserved. Some music and sound effects used by arrangement with Pond 5.

---

Many resistance groups in Europe operated under the direction of their nations’ governments-in-exile and the British Special Operations Executive (SOE).

This arrangement produced some notable successes and at least one notable failure.

• Listen now:

Transcript.

---

Playlist:

Fanfare

Opening War Theme

“Ja, vi elsker dette landet” (The national anthem of Norway.)
Composed in 1864 by Rikard Nordraak and Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson. Public domain.
Performed by the United States Navy Band. Public domain recording. Source.

“μνος εἰς τὴν Ἐλευθερίαν” (The national anthem of Greece.)
Composed in 1865 by Nikolaos Chalikiopoulos Mantzaros and Dionysios Solomos. Public domain.
Performed by the United States Navy Band. Public domain recording. Source.

Closing War Theme

---

Except when otherwise indicated, the contents of this podcast are © and ℗ 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, and 2025 by Mark Painter, all rights reserved. Some music and sound effects used by arrangement with Pond 5.

---

Armed resistance to the German occupations began in Poland, almost as soon as that country was occupied.

Poland was the first, and in some ways the model, but resistance groups would appear in every Axis-occupied country.

• Listen now:

Transcript.

---

Playlist:

Fanfare

Opening War Theme

“La Marseillaise” (The national anthem of France.)
Composed in 1792 by Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle. Public domain.
Performed by the United States Navy Band. Public domain recording. Source.

Closing War Theme

---

Except when otherwise indicated, the contents of this podcast are © and ℗ 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, and 2025 by Mark Painter, all rights reserved. Some music and sound effects used by arrangement with Pond 5.