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In addition to the First Red Scare, discussed in the previous episode, the year 1919 saw the worst racial violence in US history. Hundreds were killed.

Some attempted to pin the blame on Bolshevik agitation of African Americans, although there was no evidence of that. Also, African Americans were far more often the targets, rather than the perpetrators, of the violence. Who was agitating white Americans to violence against their African-American fellow citizens went strangely unaddressed.

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Playlist:

Fanfare

Opening Theme

“U.S. Field Artillery March”
Composed in 1917 by Edmund Gruber and John Philip Sousa. Public domain.
Performed by the United States Marine Band. Public domain recording. Source.

Goldberg Variations No. 25
Composed in 1741 by Johann Sebastian Bach. Public domain.
Performed by Shelley Katz. Public domain recording. Source.

Closing Theme 

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Except when otherwise indicated, the contents of this podcast are © and ℗ 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 by Mark Painter, all rights reserved. Some music and sound effects used by arrangement with Pond 5.

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The year 1919 saw unprecedented levels of unrest and violence in the United States, as it did in many other places.

The continual outbreaks of strikes, rioting, labor unrest, and anarchist terror made it easy to believe that behind it all was a Bolshevik plot to undermine the US government.

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• Transcript.

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Playlist:

Fanfare

Opening Theme

“The Memphis Blues”
Composed in 1912 by W.C. Handy. Public domain.

Closing Theme 

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Except when otherwise indicated, the contents of this podcast are © and ℗ 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 by Mark Painter, all rights reserved. Some music and sound effects used by arrangement with Pond 5.

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The new constitution of 1917 marked the beginning of big changes for Mexico, although President Venustiano Carranza would resist many of them, until he was overthrown and killed.

The year 1924, though, would see the first peaceful transfer of the Mexican presidency since 1884, and as revolutionary violence faded, Mexico remade itself.

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Playlist:

Fanfare

Opening Theme

“El atole” from Aires Nacionales Mexicanos
Composed in 1895 by Ricardo Castro Herrera. Public domain.
Public domain recording. Source.

Closing Theme 

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Except when otherwise indicated, the contents of this podcast are © and ℗ 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 by Mark Painter, all rights reserved. Some music and sound effects used by arrangement with Pond 5.

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In the years leading up to the Great War, the larger and more prosperous Latin American nations, notably Brazil, Argentina, and Chile, were peers of the most advanced Western nations.

The Great War would trigger economic and political changes that would deeply affect the Latin American nations, even those that had remained neutral.

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• Transcript.

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Playlist:

Fanfare

Opening Theme

Prélude à l’après-midi d’un faune (Prelude to The Afternoon of a Faun)
Composed in 1894 by Claude Debussy. Public domain.
Performed by the Columbia University Orchestra. Public domain recording. Source.

Piano Sonata. Op. 1
Composed in 1910 by Alban Berg. Public domain.
Performed by Jonathan Biss, and used pursuant to a Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 license. Source.

“La cumparsita”
Composed in 1916 by Gerardo Matos Rodríguez. Public domain.
Public domain recording. Source.

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Except when otherwise indicated, the contents of this podcast are © and ℗ 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 by Mark Painter, all rights reserved. Some music and sound effects used by arrangement with Pond 5.